• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
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  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Gas compressor by inertial piston that compresses a gas by means of a piston of liquid or solid material, more dense than the gas to be compressed, that moves freely inside a cylinder. The cylinder is inside a centrifugal force field. The aforementioned field is originated by the rotation of the cylinder around a certain central axis. The cylinder is also subjected to a rotation, continuously or periodically, on its transverse axis, which produces a sequential change of the position of its bases in relation to the field of centrifugal forces. This change induces an alternative movement of the piston inside the cylinder, which, while absorbing gas in the base near the central axis of the centrifugal field, compresses it on the base farthest from said axis. The corresponding intake and exhaust valves, located in the cylinder bases, allow the pulsating exit of the compressed gas. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2559068A1
    申请号:ES201400560
    申请日:2014-07-10
    公开日:2016-02-10
    发明作者:Diego ORELLANA HURTADO
    申请人:Diego ORELLANA HURTADO；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    image 1 DESCRIPTION
    Gas compressor by inertial piston. Sectors of the art to which the invention relates
    To the compression of all types of gases for use in industry or in any type of engine. State of the art
    The following gas compression systems are part of the state of the art: Alternative piston driven by crank-rod inside a cylinder and coupled to a thermal or electric motor that supplies the energy necessary for its operation. Screw, consisting of a rotating propeller screw, (worm screw) over another fixed and as the spiral travel advances compresses the space between them. Liquid piston formed by a multi-finned rotor rotating in a box that is not round and partially filled with liquid that alternately (twice per turn) enters and leaves the spaces between the fins, compressing the air in the bags between the fins
    Lobe compressor (roots) that works with two coupled rotors, mounted on parallel shafts. The gas is trapped between the lobes and the housing and forced to compress, due to the movement of the rotors of the machine. Propeller or tan, are centrifugal compressors that use centrifugal acceleration of the gas subjected to rotation for compression. With sliding vanes, a rotor is housed eccentrically inside a cylindrical box and when it spins it pushes the gas centrifugally against the walls of the box, compressing as the volume decreases with the eccentric rotation.
    By centripetal compression using liquid piston (P8602668, publication ES2002041 of 01.07.1988). Technical problem raised
    The problem arises of getting a gas at very high and hot pressure, inside a rotating system with high angular velocity.
    It is proposed that the compression mechanism itself be integrated into the rotating system and that its thermal limitations and compression steps be greater than the current gas compression systems. Proposed solution
    The solution tries to use the centrifugal force field of the rotating system, as used by axial and radial type compressors, but with an alternative type device such as piston systems, with which greater ratios are achieved. of compression and higher thermal limitations. For this, a piston of inertia is introduced into the centrifugal force field, that is with free sliding inside a cylinder. The cylinder is installed following the direction of a radius of the centrifugal force field and with the ability to alternately change its bases, within the aforementioned field. This has to produce an alternative movement of the piston, inside the cylinder, if the mechanical transmission of the crank-crank is needed.
    image2 Explanation of the invention.
    The invention arises from the need for the author of the present document to use a very high pressure, very hot and rotating air compression system on a central axis, to inject it as a combustion into the combustion chamber of a circular impulse motor (patent P201400068, addition to patent P2013001160).
    None of the current compression systems of the current state of the art is valid for this purpose.
    The ingenuity bases its operation on the inertia of the bodies that makes them move towards the periphery of the turn, when they are subjected to rotation and on the increase of centripetal acceleration directly proportional to the radius of the turn. This implies that the periphery of a body (solid or liquid) in rotation, of constant density "d" and length "l" equivalent to (Rr), rotating at "w" rad / second, exerts a pressure on the radius wall R, which supports it equal to: (effects of "g" for high "w" not significant)
    (1/2) d. w2. (R2 - R2) (SI Units)
    In the compressor, this pressure effect is performed by a piston (21) that can move freely in a linear direction through the inside of a cylinder (20).
    The cylinder is horizontal and integral with a secondary axis (7) that rotates it around its transverse axis. If only this movement existed, the piston would always be in the center of the cylinder in equilibrium. The secondary axis (7) is coupled to a rotating platform (11), integral to the central axis of rotation (9). This platform must have the necessary mechanical strength to support the secondary axle (7) and the mechanisms associated with it, such as axial (13) and radial bearings (10) and sprockets (6). The piston (21) inside the cylinder, by means of the combined action of the rotation produced by the secondary axis (7) and its circular displacement around the central axis (9), experiences an alternative movement.
    The bases of the piston that make these displacements change every half turn of the cylinder. The piston in its displacement, while compressing the gas that is inside the cylinder in contact with the base that moves towards the periphery, produces an aspiration of the gas on the side of the cylinder that is closest to the central axis (9 ). Through the intake valves (14), located on each side of the cylinder and drawn on its lower generatrix, and the discharge valves (15) drawn on its upper generatrix, the gas is sucked into the central zone, low pressure side of the ingenuity and discharged in the peripheral area, high pressure side. The high pressure gas is expelled through the interior of the secondary shaft (7) and by the rotating joints (18), designed for the compressor's operating temperature and pressure. The fixed side of these joints joins the rotating side of a rotary joint (19) coupled to the central axis (9), the high pressure gas discharging said rotary joint (19) to the utilization network.
    The gas to be compressed enters through filters (4) located in the cylindrical side wall (1) of the compressor. The electric motor (or thermal if necessary), (3) supplies the energy necessary for the compression work. A circular movement transmission system (2) allows the rotation of the central axis (9) at the angular design speed. The toothed pinion (5), is integral with the support (23) or, where appropriate, the fixed structure of the compressor. This toothed pinion (5) meshes with the sprockets (6) of the secondary axles (7), and is concentric with the central axis (9), but does not rotate. When the platform (11) circularly displaces the secondary axles (7), it also displaces the cogwheels (6) coupled to them and this circular displacement forces said cogwheels (6) to roll on the cogwheel (5). ), which produces the rotation of the cylinders.
    image3 Advantages of the invention
    For use in the circular impulse motor (P201400068), the compressor has the great advantage of being able to be integrated into the mechanism of the aforementioned thermal motor, supplying a combustion (air) at very high pressure and temperature in a single compression stage and without relative movement with respect to the combustion chamber (spheres) where it has to be injected.
    In comparison with other compressors, in the range of high pressures, it allows to reach higher pressures, higher volumes of compressed gas in the unit of time and has higher temperature values and less technological complexity, which results in better energy efficiency. The piston (21), can be solid or liquid, can be oil, water, glycerin, synthetic material of high density and low coefficient of friction, metal like steel or metal like lead protected by a steel sheath. For liquid pistons, the cylinder is partially filled with liquid and its geometric section does not necessarily have to be circular, it can take any polygonal shape since the tightness of the compression on the gas is ensured. In this case on the same horizontal plane of the secondary axis (7), several cylinders can be implemented that share a common center, filled with liquid, inside said axis. This achieves a considerable increase in the volumetric displacement of the compressor.
    For the same design, the compression ratio is directly proportional to the density of the piston material. This allows, to install several on the same secondary axis (7) vertically and from the bottom up, to connect the discharge of one upon the admission of the immediate superior, in a crossed system, which can be obtained in the same machine, several stages of compression, downloading the last one to the external network of use, at a very high pressure and temperature.
    As the movement of the piston is inertial, it is not subjected to mechanical stress, except those of the resistance of materials to compression, so that the lubrication systems and friction losses, as well as the friction losses, are considerably simplified. high kinematic efforts that the rod-crank systems must withstand for very high pressures. Yes, the secondary shaft (7) must be designed with the right moment of inertia, to support the bending moment in a radial direction, derived from the offset load produced by the reciprocating movement of the piston. An embodiment of the invention
    The chassis or support structure of the compressor is manufactured in three parts, on the one hand the base (31) and the cylindrical side wall (1), in sheet steel sheet and electro welded to the base and on the other the top cover (24 ), also made of steel and of adequate mechanical strength. In the cylindrical side wall (1) the air inlets (or the gas to be compressed) are made and the filters (4) and silencers are coupled. The motor (3), the circular motion transmission system (2) and the support (23) are fixed on the base (31), perfectly level. The washer (25) and the pinion gear (5) are then installed. It is located on the washer (25) and concentric to the central vertical axis, the axial bearing (8), of the adequate characteristics of static, dynamic and revolving resistance, according to the requirements of the project and design of the compressor. By means of a threaded system, in reverse rotation to the rotation, the central axis (9) and then the radial bearing (12) are fixed to the circular movement transmission system (2). With the central axis (9) installed, the platform (11) is coupled. This platform can be manufactured in a single solid piece in smaller compressors or in a steel beam structure in double T laminated profiles, for larger sizes. This platform will carry out the drills for the secondary shafts (7) that support the cylinders.
    image4
    Once the platform (11) is fixed to the central axis, the axial bearings (13) are installed on it and then the secondary axes (7) are coupled on them. On the part of the aforementioned axes that are below the platform (11), the radial bearings (10) with their respective supports that are fixedly fixed to the platform (11) are coupled in this order and then the sprockets ( 6), that when installed they are engaged with the toothed pinion (5) and subsequently fixed to their secondary shafts (7) by means of threaded screws (26) and cotter pins. Before installing the cylinders (20) on their shafts, the correct rotation and balance operation of the assembly is verified. The cylinders are made of high carbon steel and calculated so that the assembly can withstand the high design pressure. The piston (21) is adjusted inside regardless of the position in which it is located. Once greased and adjusted, it is closed by welding or similar, leaving a compact assembly that has four openings, two at each end for coupling by means of PNT thread or similar, for pressurized gas of the corresponding intake and discharge valves. The secondary shaft (7) is hollow and perforated transversely, so that the cylinder (20) is coupled to it horizontally. When the cylinder is coupled, the valves (14) and (15), the non-return valves (17) and the rotating joints (18) are connected. Then the rotary joint of the central shaft (19) and the installation is completed with the pneumatic connection of the mentioned seals and the non-return valves of the upper section of pressure ducts. Finally, the upper cover (24) that holds the central rotary joint (19) is closed. Depending on the power, it will have a cooling system, either by natural convention, through openings in the cylindrical side wall (1) and top cover (24), or forced through extractors and cooling fins. For very large powers it will be necessary to implement chilled water cooling systems. The lubrication of bearings for small and medium sizes will be sufficient with the use of bearings greased in the factory for life. For large and very large powers, the compressor design will require unique greasing systems. Industrial application of the invention
    Any industrial application that requires the use of gases at high or very high pressure, the inertia piston compressor has application, but also has characteristics that, for certain applications, compete with the current advantages, I cite as an example the treatment with corrosive gases for metals, Cylinder and piston can be manufactured with non-metallic materials, or gases that due to their danger require total tightness to be compressed, even at high pressure, the liquid inertial piston compressor is the appropriate technical solution, an alternative that makes it unique in the market , at least as far as the author has been able to check. And of course the author is manufacturing it for its implementation in the jet propulsion and circular impulse engine that it expects to have industrial application within a reasonable time.
    image5 Brief explanation of the drawings
    We use the sequential numbering of the different pieces drawn, for the explanation of the figures.
    Figure 1 represents an elevation section of the compressor. The compressor is closed perimeter by a cylindrical steel side wall (1), welded on a circular metal base (31) that closes the cylindrical side wall by its lower side and an upper cover (24) screwed to the cylindrical side wall by its top side. Through the filters (4) and silencers, installed on the cylindrical side wall (1), the gas to be compressed is aspirated (which we consider air in this case).
    The motor (3) supplies the energy for operation. This motor transmits the rotation to the central axis (9), by means of a circular movement transmission system (2), of a suitable ratio for the angular velocity of said axis. Above the support (23) a steel washer (25) is installed, which is the seat of the axial bearing (8). This bearing supports the weight of the central axis (9) and of the solidarity mechanisms with said axis. The radial bearings (12) and (22) have their bushings fixed to the structure and support the rotation of the shaft at its ends.
    The platform (11) is attached to the central axis (9) and rotates jointly with it. In said platform the secondary axles (7) are coupled by axial bearings (13) and radial bearings (10). Concentric with the central axis (9) and fixed to the structure, the toothed pinion (5) that meshes with the cogwheels (6) that are adjusted, with a cotter pin, on the secondary axes (7) and fixed to the same by means of the threaded screws (26). Transverse to the secondary shafts (7), the cylinders (20) are installed, with the pistons (21) already placed inside. The movement of the pistons (21) produces, inside the cylinders, an aspiration of the gas in the proximity to the central axis and a compression of the gas in the part of the cylinder, further away from the central axis (16). For the movement of the pistons inside the cylinders, linear bearings, adjusting segments, anti-friction bushings, elastic membranes or any other technological solution that will depend on the nature of the piston material and the dimensions, pressure and volumetric displacement can be used , for a given compressor. Each of the cylinders (20) has two intake valves (14) represented in the lower generator thereof and two discharge valves (15), represented in the upper generator. Depending on the design, these valves can be differential pressure spring valves, steel ball by inertial closure, slide or cams using the linear movement of the piston or the rotation of the cylinder. Through ducts, rigid or flexible, the aforementioned valves are coupled to rotating joints (18) installed in the upper part of the secondary shafts (7). These rotary joints connect, by means of rigid or flexible conduits (27) to another rotary joint of the central axis (19) installed in the upper end of said axis and, by means of it, the high pressure gas is discharged to the network of use or storage warehouse.
    In the ducts that channel the gas at high pressure, anti-return valves (17) are installed.
    image6
    Figure 2 represents a section in plan of the compressor, at the height of the cylinders. The cylindrical side wall (1) peripherally closes the interior mechanisms. The central axle (9), has the platform (11) coupled and this, in turn, is a support for the sprockets (6) and the secondary axles (7). On these secondary axes, the cylinders (20) inside which the pistons (21) are placed are fitted transversely, said cylinders (20) have a gas suction zone, close to the central axis of rotation and a compression zone of the gas, in the part of the cylinder furthest from the axis of rotation (16). The arrow (28) in the figure indicates the circular displacement around the central axis
    (9) of the secondary shafts (7), the arrow (29) indicates the rotation of the cylinders (20) which is
    10 much slower than the rotation of the central axis (9) and which according to design versions, can be performed in a single transmission step or in several, in continuous or discontinuous mode and the arrow (30) indicates the alternative movement of the pistons (21) inside the cylinders (20).
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    image 1
    1. Gas compressor by inertial piston that compresses a gas by means of a piston
    (21) of solid or liquid material and denser than the gas to be compressed, which travels linearly and alternately inside a cylinder (20) and towards one of its bases, by the action of a centrifugal force field .
    For this, it is characterized in that it has a central axis (9) installed vertically with respect to a horizontal plane and a thermal or electric motor (3), which must supply the power necessary for its operation. It has a circular motion transmission system (2) to the central axis (9). It has a set of axial bearings (8) and a set of radial bearings (12) and (22). It contains a platform (11) joined in solidarity with the central axis, formed by a single piece or several in a solidarity structure. It has secondary axes (1), in an undetermined number, installed around the central axis (9) and occupying the vertices of a regular polygon. It has sprockets (6) coupled to these secondary axles. It provides that these cogwheels, depending on the design, directly or through others, engage with a single toothed pinion (5), concentric with the central axis and mechanically connected with the support structure. It provides that the secondary shafts (1), are jointly connected to cylinders (20), installed transversely to these shafts. It has axial (13) and radial (10) bearings, for supporting the secondary shafts.
    Each of the cylinders (20) contains a piston (21) of nature and shape according to design and has a free displacement system, with sliding adjustment, of the piston inside the cylinder. It has intake valves (14) for the gas to be compressed and discharge valves (15) for compressed gas. It has compressed gas discharge pipes, non-return valves (17) and rotary joints (18) and (19) at the compressed gas outlet. It has a casing body of the mechanisms formed by a circular base (31), a cylindrical side wall (1) and an upper cover (24). It has gas inlets to compress, equipped with filters (4) and silencers.
    [2]
    2.  Gas compressor by inertial piston, according to claim 1, which uses a liquid inertial piston for certain applications and for this purpose it is characterized by having a cylinder, the section of which does not necessarily have to be circular and a liquid piston, whose density must be be higher than the gas to compress.
    [3]
    3.  Gas compressor by inertial piston, according to claims 1 and 2, which using liquid piston, can have several cylinders on the same horizontal plane, hydraulically connected in the common secondary axis (7) and for this it is characterized by having the center of the hollow said axle and provide that the cylinders are hydraulically connected with said hollow.
    [4]
    Four.  Gas compressor by inertial piston, according to claims 1, 2 and 3, which can perform several compression stages on the same secondary axis (7) and for this is characterized by having several cylinders (20), on said common secondary axis ( 7), in different horizontal planes. Arrange the connection of the discharge of the first, with the admission of the immediate superior and so on, remaining without interconnection, the admissions of the cylinder located in the lower plane and the discharges of the cylinder, located in the upper plane, which will be connected to their respective intake taps of the gas to be compressed and discharge of the compressed gas.
    8
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO2015092088A1|2013-12-17|2015-06-25|Diego Orellana Hurtado|Circular propulsion jet compressor-engine|
    ES2626961A1|2016-09-23|2017-07-26|Diego ORELLANA HURTADO|Compressor of inertial pistons and rotary cylinders |
    法律状态:
    2016-11-29| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2559068 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20161129 |
    优先权:
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